Drill with a tooth wheel

Toothed wheel bits are the most widely used type of drilling bits. When the bit works, the cutting teeth contact the bottom of the well alternately, the breaking torque is small, the contact area between the cutting teeth and the bottom of the well is small, the specific pressure is high, and it is easy to eat into the formation; the total length of the working edge is large, so the wear is relatively reduced. The bit is able to adapt to a wide range of formations from soft to hard.

Basic Information

Chinese name: Cone bit

Foreign name: Cone bit

Type: Tool

Use：Petroleum industry

Brief introduction

According to the number of cogwheel, it can be divided into single cogwheel drill bit, three cogwheel drill bit and assembled multi-cogwheel drill bit. According to the cutting material, they can be divided into steel teeth (milled teeth) and tooth-encrusted bits.

As a tool for drilling rock formations, tooth wheel bits have been widely used, and the significant improvement in bit performance directly reduces drilling costs, especially in the last decade, when the fastest progress has been made. Two performance indicators, service life and drilling speed, ultimately determine the extent to which a drill bit affects drilling costs. Improving the mechanical drilling speed and service life of the drill bit is an effective way to reduce drilling costs, and some data confirms that the improvement of drilling speed has a greater impact on reducing drilling costs than the improvement of bit service life, of which the improvement of the cutting structure of the drill bit is the most direct way to improve the mechanical drilling speed of the drill bit. For a long time, the improvement of cutting structure mainly focuses on the main cutting tooth structure, for example, in terms of carbide tooth structure, people have invented wedge tooth, spoon tooth, offset top spoon tooth, equal wear tooth and so on. It is gradually recognised that the diameter retaining structure also has a greater impact on the mechanical drilling speed and life of the drill bit, especially in the application of large inclined wells and horizontal wells, the drill bit is required to have a reasonable diameter-retaining structure, and many new types of diameter-retaining structure have been researched and developed, and applied to the tooth wheel drill bit to achieve good results.

From the bit manufacturers and research institutions in the three-cone bit retaining structure research and application dynamics can be seen, people gradually realise that the retaining structure of the bit mechanical drilling speed and life has a greater impact on the bit, especially in directional wells and horizontal wells application of the bit has a greater impact on the research and development of a new type of retaining structure of the bit in the application of the tooth wheel drill bit has achieved good results. The development of drill bit retaining structure from passive retaining to active retaining, and the development of retaining material from low wear-resistant material to high wear-resistant composite material, the improvement of drill bit retaining structure and material greatly improves the performance of the drill bit, and further improves the mechanical drilling speed and life of the drill bit. There is a certain gap between domestic and foreign research on diameter-retaining structures and materials. Domestic research institutes and manufacturers of drill bits should further strengthen the research on diameter-retaining structures and materials, especially focusing on the research and application of some active diameter-retaining structures in the drill bits, to further improve the performance of domestically-made tooth wheel drill bits, and to provide drilling users with high-efficiency drill bits that are adapted to the new drilling process.

The most widely used drill bits in oil drilling and geological drilling are still the tooth wheel drill bits. When rotating, the bit has the function of impacting, crushing and shearing to break the rock of the formation, so the bit can adapt to soft, medium and hard formations. Especially after the emergence of jet type dental bits and long nozzle dental bits, the drilling speed of dental bits is greatly improved, which is a major revolution in the history of the development of dental bits. According to the type of teeth, they can be divided into milled teeth (steel teeth) and set teeth (carbide teeth on the tooth wheel); according to the number of tooth wheels, they can be divided into single-tooth, three-tooth and assembled multi-tooth wheel drills. The most widely used at home and abroad is the three-cone bit.

Typical products

The three-cone bit is an important tool for oil drilling, and its performance will directly affect the drilling quality, drilling efficiency and drilling cost.f1 The design of three-cone bit is mostly based on practical experience, combined with the trial-and-error method, and the design and calculation are carried out repeatedly, which results in the low design accuracy and long cycle, making it difficult to improve the quality of the design, and the efficiency is low because only one bit can be designed for each calculation. Therefore, it is very necessary to develop a CAD system for three-cone bits to realize parametric drawing of three-cone bits.1 Overall design of the systemThe parametric drawing system for three-cone bits adopts the programming method of functional modularity, and divides the whole system into four major functional modules: the user interface management module, the design module of the tooth structure of the drill bit, the database management module, and the parametric drawing module. The design of user interface is realised by using the VBA secondary development tool embedded in AutoCAD. The user inputs the parameters related to the design of the three-cone bit through the user interface module to achieve human-machine information exchange. The main function of the design module is to complete the calculation of complex three-cone bit design data according to the theory of three-cone bit design. The database management module is a database created by Access 2003 in the form of data tables.

Product use

Drilling, Exploration, Oil, Drill Bits, Drilling Accessories

Product Name

215.9mm Metal Sealed and Toothed Triple Cone Bit

Features

1. Adopting floating bearing structure, the floating element is made of new material with high strength, high elasticity, high temperature resistance and high wear resistance characteristics, and the surface is treated with solid lubricant. While reducing the relative linear velocity of the bearing pair, it reduces the temperature rise of the friction surface, which can effectively improve the bearing life and bearing reliability under high drilling pressure or high speed drilling process conditions.

2、Adopt high-precision metal seal. The metal seal consists of a pair of well-designed metal sealing rings as the axial dynamic seal of the bearing, and two highly elastic rubber energy supply rings are located in the sealing area of the tooth palms and the tooth wheel as the static seal, and the optimised sealing compression ensures that the sealing surfaces of the two metal rings are always in good contact.

3、Steel ball locking tooth wheel, adapt to high speed.

4、Adopting full rubber reservoir bladder that can limit the pressure difference and prevent drilling fluid from entering the lubrication system, providing good lubrication assurance for the bearing system.

5、Using new type grease which can resist 250°C high temperature and anti-wear.

6、The gear bit adopts high-strength and high-toughness tungsten carbide teeth, and the optimised design of the number of rows of teeth, the number of teeth, the height of the exposed teeth, and the unique shape of the alloy teeth give full play to the high wear-resistance and the excellent cutting ability of the gear bit. New wear-resistant materials are welded on the tooth surface of the steel tooth drill, which improves the life of the cutting teeth of the drill while maintaining the high mechanical drilling speed of the steel tooth drill.

Product Advantage

According to the number of teeth, they can be divided into single, double, triple and multi-tooth bits. The most widely used at home and abroad is the three-cone bit. 　Toothed wheel bits are indispensable in oil, land and various drilling industries, but the price of toothed wheel bits is too high for some drilling industries, which prompts some drilling industries to take great interest in the second-hand toothed wheel bits, which are low in price, reliable in quality (in oil drilling, they are used only for 1/3 of their life span), and reduce a lot of costs for the drilling industries, so the second-hand toothed wheel bits have become an important part of some drilling industries. So used tine bits have become an important part of some drilling industry.

Other products

Product Use

Drilling, Exploration, Oil, Drill bits, Drilling accessories, Non-excavation

Product Name

Rubber Sealed Sliding Bearing Drill Bit.

Product features

1、Adopting high strength and high toughness carbide teeth improves the impact resistance of the teeth and reduces the rate of tooth breakage;

2、Optimised design of the number of rows of teeth, number of teeth, height of exposed teeth and unique shape of alloy teeth give full play to the cutting ability and cutting speed of the drill bit;

3、Adopting card spring to lock the tooth wheel, which can withstand high drilling pressure;

4、The inner hole of the tooth wheel is welded with wear-reducing alloy, which improves the anti-seize ability of the bearing;

5、Adopting highly saturated nitrile butadiene rubber O-ring seals, the optimised sealing compression improves the reliability of bearing sealing;

6、Adopting full rubber oil storage bladder which can limit the pressure difference and prevent the drilling fluid from entering the lubrication system, which provides good lubrication for the bearing system and ensures the normal operation of the ‘O’ sealing ring, which improves the working life of the drill bit;

7. Adopting new type grease which can withstand high temperature of 250℃ and low abrasion, it improves the ability of the sealing and lubricating system of the drill bit to withstand high temperature.

Product Advantage

It can withstand high drilling pressure under normal speed.